To design safe and functional buildings, we must be thoroughly familiar with the strengths, weaknesses, and other properties of various materials and with how different structures perform under load and pressure. we will need a background in geometry, mathematics, and physics, among other related topics. Remember that we may find ourself having to innovate to meet challenges, such as designing earthquake-proof structures or energy-efficient, sustainable structures. we will not be able to rely only on solutions that others have tried and tested before.