Some words about my typical stack (it was recent WordPress project):

• Linux: Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. As you may know Ubuntu is supporting LTS versions for 5 years, and Ubuntu 20.04 LTS will be suported until 2025
• Webserver: nginx with php-fpm or nginx with apache as main applications engine for WordPress
• Application engine: php8.0 and Wordpress 5.8.1
• DB: mysql 8.0.21
• Backup: I'm using snapper (http://snapper.io) for hourly snapshots.
• Monitoring: I'm using zabbix 5.4 (https://www.zabbix.com) for monitoring state of servers with email and telegram alerts.
• Log collection: I'm using graylog (https://www.graylog.org) for log collection. Mostly on big projects, for example when you have hosting server with many sites.
• Extra: Docker conainers are often used when one VPS contains many sites. It's important to isolate one server from another. Without docker one overloaded site can shut off whole server and all hosted sites. Sometimes developers are using git for tracking themes and plugins. Webpanels are not often used for complex projects, but Plesk is much better than cPanel.
• CI/CD: I prefer to use GitLab, but Github actions is also used on some projects. Typically I create bash script for CI simple actions like "pull recent changes, run artisan script, etc" or ansible playbook for moore complex actions.