Advanced computer skills – extensive computer skills and an understanding of networking are the most important fundamental skills penetration testers possess. They are experienced with cryptography, reverse engineering, web applications, databases, and wireless technologies Computer and information security – penetration testers use their exceptional computer skills to attempt to hack into systems. They keep up to date on security software packages and are always learning new security protocols and computer technologies that could be exploited Scripting and programming – a variety of computer programming and scripting skills are important for penetration testers because some employers require knowledge of a specific programming language or operating system Report writing – penetration testers utilize strong written and oral communication skills to write reports on their assessments to communicate potential weaknesses to the IT team and management Problem-solving skills – to protect networks and data from potential serious risks, penetration testers use problem-solving skills to determine the most effective way to correct issues that arise Data analytics – penetration testers can review data and analyze the processes needed to correct security issues